Updating News

Sasang Constitutional Medicine, Korea's Renowned Body Type Typology for Diagnosis and Treatment

Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM) is a medical tradition that studies the physiological and pathological traits of the four constitutional types, namely the Taeyang (TY) type, Soyang (SY) type, Taeeum (TE) type, and Soeum (SE) type. The concept that constitution can be typed is the most basic underlying paradigm evident in the Donguisusebowon.




Lee Jemas medical system is termed 'Constitutional Medicine' because it is rooted in the concept of constitutional typology, a unique methodology of typing people according to their constitutional makeup. His ideas were shaped in the 19th century, a time of much sociopolitical unrest. Perhaps influenced by the great social demand for change, the underlying philosophy observed in Constitutional Medicine is also unconventional with regards to the traditional confucianist beliefs.


Donguisusebowon was written after the completion of Gyeokchigo. In the book, he continues to expand on his ground- breaking ideas. Constitutional Medicine does not revolve around the Yin Yang theory or the Meridian System theory as did the conventional medicine, but rather concentrates on the type of constitution, explaining the physiology, pathology, and treatment and prevention of disease particular to each constitutional type.


Lee Jema's works reveal the new medical paradigms he discovered while studying conventional medicine. They also mention the medical figures and written works that had influenced him the most.
Knowledge of the people and works that contributed to the shaping of his theories can help us understand Constitutional Medicine better, and one of the people he had held in high esteem was Zhang Zhongjing.
For background information, He was the author of the classic scriptShanghanlun. Shanghanlun deals with the symptoms of and treatment for specific disorders; this book instructs more practical and detailed ways of treating patients.
Lee Jema's medicine is more closely related to theShanghanlun theories than those of Huangdi Neijing, which suggests that he was more interested in the practical application of medicine.
There is also a section introducing the respected physician Heo Jun and his ground breaking book, Donguibogam.





Constitutional typing based on physical appearances

According to SCM, there are differences in the development of various regions of the body. In most cases, the constitution can be distinguished by an accurate differentiation of the shape of the body.
The characteristics of physical appearance in each constitution are as follows:

1) The Taeyang (TY) type 



The TY-type persons have well-developed upper bodies. The neck region is thick and strong and the head is large. However, the region below the waist tends to be weak. The hips are small and the leg muscles are thin. Thus, in a standing position the TY-type persons seem unstable. Since the lower body is weak, TY-type persons have difficulty walking or standing for a long time. Their facial features are clearly defined and they have thin bodies.
On the whole, this constitution is the most difficult to recognize because it has the lowest percentage (less than 0.1% of the population) of the four constitutions.


2) The Soyang (SY) type


 
The chest and shoulder regions of the Soyang constitutions are strong and well-developed while the region below the hips is weak. On the whole, since their upper bodies are strong and their lower bodies are slight, the SY-type persons' movements are quick. Since their hip region is weak, they also appear weak in a sitting position.

Some SY-type persons are small in stature and have a tidy appearance, resembling the SE-type persons. It is therefore difficult at times to reach a conclusion about a constitution based solely on the physical appearance. In this case, mental characteristics and disease symptoms must be carefully observed in order to avoid misdiagnosis. There is a high proportion of the SY-type persons in the population (30%) and they are fairly easy to distinguish.


3) The Taeeum (TE) type



The Taeeum constitution has a well-developed waist region so their standing posture appears stable and strong. Their neck region, however, appears weak. The TE-type persons are normally tall and well built and rarely thin and small. Usually, the TE-type persons hold ample flesh and their physical frame is stout (strong and solid). Occasionally, a TE-type person may be thin but his or her frame will be stout nevertheless.
Even though the TE-type persons manifest clear traits, there are cases in which it is difficult to ascertain their constitution, and so it is not enough to rely solely on external appearances.


4) The Soeum (SE) type

  


The SE-type persons' hips and buttocks are strong and their seated posture is stable, but their chest and shoulder regions appear weak and underdeveloped. The SE-type persons are usually short in stature but at times a tall SE-type person can be found. Their lower bodies are more balanced and developed than their upper bodies. Many SE-type persons tend to walk with their bodies bent forward. Though they have stronger lower bodies compared to their upper bodies, on the whole, they have a small frame and are thin and weak.


For more information, please refer to Korean Medicine: Current Status and Future Prospects.


1 comment:

  1. I started on COPD Herbal treatment from Ultimate Health Home, the treatment worked incredibly for my lungs condition. I used the herbal treatment for almost 4 months, it reversed my COPD. My severe shortness of breath, dry cough, chest tightness gradually disappeared. Reach Ultimate Health Home via their website at www.ultimatelifeclinic.com I can breath much better and It feels comfortable!

    ReplyDelete